In 1977, the International Council of Museums (ICOM), during its 12th General Assembly in Leningrad and Moscow, adopted a resolution designating May 18 as International Museum Day. Delegates to the assembly felt the resolution would bolster recognition for museums and provide a reminder to governments and the general public of the very special role museums play in preserving cultural heritage.

Beginning in 1984, annual themes have been suggested to better coordinate international celebrations. The theme for 2007 is "Museums as agents of social change and development". The annual theme is intended to be adaptable to museums of all types and sizes with activities taking place on or around the 18th of May.

AAM and ICOM urge museums across the country to recognize International Museum Day within their institutions. Past museum activities have included coordinating openings of exhibitions with International Museum Day, developing theme-related educational programming, hosting behind-the-scenes tours, extending free passes, and holding drawings for free museum membership. 

For current and past International Museum Day themes as well as suggested activities, see the ICOM International Museum Day web page.